Week 2 Discussion Example

Essays on Week 2 Discussion Coursework The US legal Adversarial Functions Project The US legal system is adversarial through the interpretation of laws and advising the government institutions. This implies that the legal system undertakes the role of scrutinizing different segments of the constitution to avoid conflicts and breach of pertinent privileges. The US legal system also undertakes the adversarial duty is by guiding the government and private agencies on their roles in protecting the laws (Kagan, 2011). For instance, the US legal system can advise the executive concerning foreign policies or treaties. It can also offer advise the legislature on the constitutional sections that require amendments or repeals. The US legal system performs in adversarial matters through arbitrary functions between conflicting parties. This should involve a neutral approach to the matter with a view of reaching a professional and amicable solution (Kagan, 2011). A forensic psychology professional should be trustworthy to ensure that they correct injustices in the legal system. It is always appropriate to point out areas that may cause constitutional breaches by being truthful and accurate. The other attribute that would be helpful for forensic psychology professionals is being cautious (Kubicek, 2010). This is because some matters may require keen consideration of matters before disclosing them to the public domain. A forensic psychology professional should know the right timing of disclosing information to the public. This helps in avoiding confrontation or demonstration by the members of the public. It is vital to participate in forensic adversarial duties with adequate knowledge of law and legal matters (Kubicek, 2010). It is unprofessional to undertake forensic psychology examination by an individual who does not understand the tenets of the law.ReferencesKagan, R. A. (2011). Adversarial legalism: The American way of law. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press.Kubicek, T. L. (2010). Adversarial justice: Americas court system on trial. New York: Algora Pub.

Problem Statement Scope And Limitation Engineering Essay Free Essays

string(126) " optical detector used 230 nanometer to 400nm wavelength which is ultraviolet B \( UVB \) which is harmful to human tegument\." In this research ZnO thin movie will be doped with aluminum utilizing sol-gel spin-coating method. Then the Al-doped ZnO thin movie ( as seed accelerator ) on a glass substrate will be so superimposed underside of an aligned ZnO nanorod construction which was prepared utilizing sonicated sol-gel submergence technique. The nanorod thin movie parametric quantities will be qualifying through its I-V curve features and besides the optical and optical density of aligned ZnO nanorod thin movie. We will write a custom essay sample on Problem Statement Scope And Limitation Engineering Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Introduction 1.2.1 Background survey UV detector or bases for UV detector are of import devices that can be used in commercial and military applications. The applications are including gas detection, infinite research, high temperature fire sensing, air quality monitoring and many more. UV sensors presently used silicon-based sensors and photomultiplier tubings. These stuffs require dearly-won filters and attenuators. However by replacing those engineerings with broad band-gap semiconducting materials such as Zn oxide ( ZnO ) have been suggested [ 1 ] . UV light breathing or having devices, solar cells, gas detector and transparent electrodes are some of the Zn oxide applications. Assorted deposition methods such as chemical vapour deposition, sputtering and molecular beam epitaxy were used to manufacture ZnO thin movies. However, these deposition methods are high production cost because required high temperature processing and vacuity engineering [ 2 ] . In this paper, the intent of this research is to manufacture UV detector utilizing zinc oxide thin movie and qualify the detector public presentations by its electrical belongingss. Furthermore, this research is to qualify aluminium doping concentration and the nanostructure of Zn oxide thin movie. In this research, sol-gel spin surfacing method was used to fix Al doped zinc oxide thin movie and an aligned ZnO nanorod structured thin movies on a glass substrate by the sonicated sol-gel submergence method. 1.2.2 Literature Review ZnO is an n-type semiconducting material with a direct set spread of 3.42eV and because of the O vacancies and intrinsic defects such as interstitial Zn atoms, the electrical conduction of the movies is big [ 3 ] . It is really good stuff for electronic device application due to its broad set spread and big exciton adhering energy of 60meV [ 4 ] . The belongingss of ZnO thin movie can be improve by a doping procedure and tempering procedure [ 3 ] . There are that focal point on the doping procedure. To improved electrical or optical belongingss of ZnO, ZnO were often doped with group 3, 4 and 5 elements such as Gallium ( Ga ) , Sn and Aluminium ( Al ) [ 5 ] . Al doping is most suited because it ‘s inexpensive, abundant and non-toxic stuff and will bring forth Al doped ZnO thin movie with higher optical transmission and low electric resistance in infrared part [ 4 ] . From the diary [ 6 ] , radio-frequency ( RF ) reactive magnetron sputtering method was used to lodge Al-doped ZnO on the smooth nucleation side of FSD movies by. The electrical belongingss were discussed. The first negatron concentration increased and following decreased with the addition of Al doping concentration. The maximal bearer concentration achieve when the movie is doped with 2at % Al. Hall mobility is reciprocally relative to the Al doping concentration. The high temperature tempering procedure is use to heighten the Hall mobility of the movies [ 6 ] . From the diary [ 7 ] , ZnO thin movies with assorted weight per centums of aluminum and the electrical belongingss were discussed utilizing sol-gel dip-coating method. The conduction shows higher response of the doped ZnO thin movies under UV compared with dark status. Both status cogent evidence that the conduction of ZnO is straight relative to doping concentration. The optical set spread energy is besides straight relative with doping concentration. The transmission of ZnO thin movies is about 75 % when wavelength from 390nm to 850nm. From the diary [ 8 ] , at different dopant concentration the electrical belongingss of Al-doped ZnO thin movies were discussed utilizing sol-gel method. The opposition first lessening with addition aluminum ion concentration. Then the opposition of doped thin movies increased with increasing dopant concentration and it decreases at higher Al concentration. The transmission of ZnO thin movies is about 80 % when wavelength from 370nm to 850nm. The advantage of Ga is an first-class dopant for increasing the conduction and this beginning is less reactive and more resistive oxidization. Based on the diary [ 5 ] , Ga-doped ZnO nanowires were growing utilizing thermic deposition method. The ZnO nanowires have grown uniformly with high output and mean length of each nanowire is about 1.3um. From the XRD form, it can be deduced that the Ga component doped into the nanowires creates a clear widening. The Ga-doped ZnO nanowires have a greater field-enhancement factor than the undoped ZnO nanowires [ 5 ] . Aqueous solution procedure with post-growth rapid photothermal processing ( RPP ) was used to fix Sn-doped ZnO nanorods to develop aligned Sn-doped ZnO nanostructure. Aqueous solution method was chosen in readying of metal oxide nanoparticles construction due to its cost and environment friendly. Rapid photothermal processing ( RPP ) as an options of thermic tempering was combine with aqueous solution due to short rhythm clip, reduced exposure and flexibleness [ 9 ] . Based on diaries [ 6 ] , [ 7 ] and [ 8 ] , the optimal doping concentration of aluminum is 2at % , 5at % and 1.5at % severally. Optimal aluminum doping concentration will gives extremely semiconducting belongingss of Al-doped ZnO thin movie for application UV detector [ 4 ] . A research had done on assorted Al doping concentration and the optimal doping concentration is at 1at % Al. This research will used 1at % Al concentration based on journal [ 4 ] . Aligned ZnO nanorods that were prepared utilizing sonication method are a simple manner and really low cost method compared to other techniques. It besides will growing high quality ZnO nanorod with a little diameter size [ 10 ] . 1.2.3 Problem Statement, Scope and Limitation Most people are cognizant of the effects of UV through the painful status of tan, but the UV spectrum has many other effects whether its benefits or damaging to human wellness. Excessively much exposure to UV radiation can impact human wellness. UV application for optical detector used 230 nanometer to 400nm wavelength which is ultraviolet B ( UVB ) which is harmful to human tegument. You read "Problem Statement Scope And Limitation Engineering Essay" in category "Essay examples" Since it is harmful to human tegument, metal oxide semiconducting material movies have been considered due to its first-class chemical and physical belongingss. One of them is zinc oxide stuff. Zinc oxide is non merely good in optoelectronic but besides in electrical belongingss. Zinc oxide is so will be doped with aluminum to heighten the Zn oxide thin movie belongingss by utilizing sol-gel spin-coating method. It is of import to take the right method for fixing aligned ZnO nanorod. The range of this resear ch is to look into the electrical belongingss ( I-V feature ) and the optical belongingss of the ZnO nanorod thin movie at different submergence clip. The restrictions of this research are on the solution readying and deposition status which are different for different groups and on the hole parametric quantity. 1.2.4 Significant of the research The nanomaterials based detectors are raising the advantage of size decrease and enhanced functionality [ 12 ] . This research will used a simple method to fix an aligned ZnO nanorod thin movie which is sol-gel submergence method which is this method has non been reported by any research group. Furthermore it is really low-priced method. 1.2.5 Aims To fix Al-doped ZnO thin movie as seed accelerator bed. To fix aligned ZnO nanorod thin movie at different submergence clip. To manufacture aligned ZnO nanorod thin movie based UV photoconductive detector. To qualify fancied UV detector. 1.2.6 Research Questions To accomplish the aim of this research, some research inquiries would necessitate to concentrate on which are: What is the I-V curve feature of aligned ZnO nanorod thin movies before and after exposing to the UV light? What is the optical and absorbance feature of aligned ZnO nanorod thin movies? How to manufacture ZnO thin movie? What is the factor impacting the nanostructure ZnO thin movie before and after exposing to the UV light? Chapter 2 2.1 Research Methodology 2.1.1 Al doped ZnO thin movies Sol-gel spin-coating method was used to fix Al doped ZnO thin movies. The solution include Zn ethanoate dihydrate ( Zn ( CH3COO ) 2 2H2O ) as precursor, aluminum nitrate nonahydrate ( Al ( NO3 ) 3 9H2O ) as a dopant beginning, monoethanolamine ( MEA, C2H7N14 ) as a stabilizer and 2-methoxyethanol as a dissolver were prepared. The concentration of aluminum nitrate was 1.0at % Al doping and the molar ratio of MEA to zinc ethanoate was fixed at 1.0. At 3 hours before aged at room temperature for 24hours to give clear and homogenous solutions the solution was stirred at 80 A ; deg ; C. The solutions were so used for deposition procedure by spin-coating technique. Substrates used were microscope on the glass substrates. At room temperature, the spin-coating was performed utilizing 10 beads of solution per deposition with a velocity of 3000rpm for 60s. The movies were preheated in atmosphere ambient at 150 A ; deg ; C for 10 proceedingss to vaporize the solvent each clip after deposition procedure. The movies were annealed at 500 A ; deg ; C for 1 hr in air ambient utilizing a furnace ( Protherm ) after reiterating the coating process 10 times. The crystal construction and orientation of ZnO thin movies were investigated by X-ray diffractometer ( XRD ) . The cross-section of the movie thickness is observed by utilizing scanning negatron microscope ( SEM ) . By utilizing UV-vis-NIR spectrophotometer, the optical belongingss of ZnO thin movies were measured in the wavelength scope from 200 nanometers to 1500nm. The electrical belongingss were measured by District of Columbia examining system [ 4 ] . Start Fix the solution of Zn oxide Precursor: Zn ethanoate dehydrate Stabilizer: monoethanolamine Dopant beginning: aluminum nitrate nonahydrate Solvent: 2-methoxyethanol Heat and stir the solution Temperature: 80 A ; deg ; C Time: 3hr Solution stirring and aging Temperature: room temperature Time: 24hr Thin movie deposition utilizing spin-coating tech. Speed: 3000rpm Time: 60s Temperature: room temperature Solution: 10 beads of solution per deposition Thin movie drying Temperature: 150 A ; deg ; C Time: 10min Repeat 10 times Thin movie tempering Temperature: 500 A ; deg ; C Time: 1hr End 2.1.2 Aligned ZnO nanorod construction An aligned ZnO nanorod construction was prepared utilizing the sonicated sol-gel submergence method on a glass substrate coated with a ZnO thin movie that had been doped with 1at % Al. The sol-gel coating method was used to fix the Al-doped ZnO thin movie as a seeded accelerator that was prepared on the glass substrate. A solution was prepared of 0.1M Zn nitrate hexahydrate ( Zn ( NO3 ) 2.6H2O ) and 0.1M hexamethylenetetramine ( HMT, H2NCH2CH2OH ) in deionized H2O ( DI ) . At 50 A ; deg ; C for 30 proceedingss utilizing an supersonic H2O bath, this solution was sonicated. The solution was so aged and stirred for 3 hours at room temperature. The sonicated and elderly solution was poured into a Schott bottle, at the underside which had been placed the horizontal Al-doped ZnO thin movie coated glass substrate. The capped bottle was so immersed in a 95 A ; deg ; C H2O bath for 4 hours. After the submergence procedure, the sample was cleaned with DI H2O and allowed to dry in ambient air . By utilizing field emanation scanning electron microscope ( FESEM ) and X-ray diffraction ( XRD ) , the ensuing ZnO nanorod construction was characterized for surface morphology and crystallinity. The optical transmission and optical density belongingss of the sample were characterized by UV-vis-NIR spectrophotometer [ 10 ] . Start Fix the solution in deionized H2O 0.1M Zn nitrate hexahydrate 0.1M hexamethylenetetramine Sonicated solution utilizing an supersonic H2O bath Temperature: 50 A ; deg ; C Time: 30min Solution stirring and aging Temperature: room temperature Time: 3hr Placed the horizontal Al-doped ZnO thin movie coated glass substrate at the bottom Schott bottle. Poured sonicated and aged solution Submergence procedure Temperature: 95 A ; deg ; C H2O bath Time: 4hr Clean with DI H2O and dry in ambient air Nanorod construction word picture Electrical belongingss Optical belongingss End Chapter 3 3.1 Decision The electrical belongingss of ZnO thin movie improved when ZnO thin movie was doped with aluminum. Optimum aluminum doping concentration will gives extremely semiconducting belongingss of Al-doped ZnO thin movie for application UV detector. It is of import to happen low cost method. The ZnO nanorods have an mean diameter of 100nm. An mean optical transmission of 78 % was observed. The electrical belongingss and optical belongingss of an aligned ZnO nanorod thin movie were affected when changing the submergence clip. High grade of crystalline, big surface country handiness, a seeable wavelength transparence and high UV soaking up belongingss, this method show it ‘s suited for UV detector application. How to cite Problem Statement Scope And Limitation Engineering Essay, Essay examples

The Cincinnati Childrens Hospital Medical Center

Question: Describe about the cincinnati childrens hospital medical center (CCHMC). Answer: Introduction: The Cincinnati Childrens Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC) was supposed to undergo many strategic initiatives in order to improve the quality of the processes and other methods. Though there was reluctance from the management in the beginning of the efforts made by Dr. Uma Kotagal, Senior Vice President (SVP) of Quality and Transformation, she drew the support from the right people to stimulate transformative changes to improve patient care in the organization including Jim Anderson as CEO and Lee Carter as chairman of the board. With the passage of time, she got many employees working at the lower level of hierarchy trained to work in the improvement processes after initial reluctance and disbelief in her approach. Problem: The major problem was over expectations of Dr. Kotagal in infusing major changes in the hospital without paying heed to the discomfort among people across the low level or ground level of the hierarchy of the hospital. It was becoming difficult to determine if the strategic selection of improvement projects should be done centrally or left to the different departments to do it all on their own. Also, there was confusion over the role of quality improvement specialists in the long run in the hospital. Then there were concerns regarding the training needs for the organization as well. Solution: Dr. Kotagal though had made some significant moves in the direction of improving patient care with the formulation and successful implementation of strategic decisions. However, when it comes to long term transformations, there should be suitable steps taken at various levels of the organization. Though she got legit support from the top management, there were confusions at certain occasions at how the transformations be incorporated without disrupting the regular operations of the hospital. Given the facts and the current situation, all such major changes should be decentralized in order to allow individual departments to suggest the best for themselves. As the organizational culture has been moulded for better, it seems feasible that departments are allowed to make quality changes in their procedures and methods in order to improve patient care and provide maximum satisfaction to the patients and their family members. A decentralized approach allows employees who are in direct know how of the realities at the ground level would be given the responsibility to eliminate the inefficiencies and reinstate effective processes. They would assess the situation and provide a road map to get things done with a sense of clarity and responsibility. But they would require suitable training beforehand in order to adopt a cohesive and coherent approach across all the departments. These training sessions should be arranged in conjunction with the top management and the lead in charge of the entire change program. It be noted that change management is a slow process and must not be enforced and instead allowed to be percolated in the hospital with the acceptance of those who are going to be affected by them. This is the premise of the change management process and must be adopted in order to successfully implement the proposed changes in the hospital.

Taylor Swift †free essay sample

If you are a country-music fan, you are well aware of Taylor Swift, the talented singer/songwriter known for her songs about relationships. Swifts new album, â€Å"Fearless,† continues that theme. Swift music displays past relationships and personal stories, which gives a birds-eye view of her life. â€Å"Fearless,† the first track, illustrates a perfect first date, and the story will capture the hearts of girls all over the world. â€Å"White Horse† is a slower song that counters â€Å"Love Story† because there is no Prince Charming in the end. Girls will relate to other great songs like â€Å"You Belong With Me,† â€Å"Breathe,† and â€Å"Fifteen.† Although Taylor is just 18, she shines in the music industry and within two years has made her mark on country music. This album is uplifting when you are sad and brings out the best when you are happy; the music varies with some slow songs and some high energy beats. We will write a custom essay sample on Taylor Swift – or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page â€Å"I think ‘fearless is  ­having fears but jumping  ­anyway,† Swift says. â€Å"Fearless† is truly worth listening to, even if you are not a country fan. Swifts pure voice radiates in each song, and her honest feelings come to life. Taylor Swift – free essay sample Taylor Swift has once again reached the hearts and souls of teenagers everywhere with her new compilation of pop melodies and catchy tunes. The title â€Å"Speak Now† is fitting, not just because it is the name of one of the singles, but it also stands for the new, more mature themes that Swift is endorsing in her third studio album. â€Å"Speak Now† differs from her other two (â€Å"Taylor Swift,† â€Å"Fearless†) in that it explores a more honest and soulful side of the country-pop singer, calling out those who have hurt her in the past (as the title implies), and experimenting with new elements and sounds. Swift also delivers an array of sophisticated lyrics, demonstrating again her impeccable talents in songwriting. The album includes 14 witty and infectious tunes that complement each other in their uniqueness and mesh together to create a perfect harmony. They range from traditional pop ballads to twists of soulful blues and country influence. We will write a custom essay sample on Taylor Swift – or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The first single is â€Å"Mine† that follows a couple from their first meeting to spending their lives together. It has an infectious melody and a chorus that is sure to make everyone sing along. â€Å"Speak Now† is an artistic illustration of a wedding interrupted, a unique facet to this gem of an album. From the bluesy â€Å"Dear John,† to â€Å"Mean,† a catchy pop-country crossover with a contagious melody, the album clearly shows Swift maturing. â€Å"Sparks Fly,† another catchy melody with an infectious chorus, â€Å"Enchanted,† a beautifully mature and elegant piece, and the powerful â€Å"Haunted,† all display the transformation she has undergone as a musician and lyricist, finding her sound and truly coming into her own. The CD itself was carefully put together, with the cover depicting Swift in a purple gown, and the title embossed in elegant cursive. The lyric book is filled with photos of Swift re-creating scenes from the songs. It ends with a photo of her with her band. â€Å"Speak Now† is a powerful melting pot of simple pop ballads, elegant melodies, and passionate tunes that is sure to appeal to all ages and musical preferences. Swifts new exploration of original themes, melodies, and lyrics deserves five stars.

Sample of National Honor Society Essay

Sample of National Honor Society EssaySample of National Honor Society Essay is a popular tool for introducing your students to student writing. It can easily help them understand how to write an essay and get into the creative process. It is also a great resource for teachers, parents, and students.The samples of essays presented by the site will help you create or enhance an entire essay, whether in the form of a research paper, persuasive argument memoir, social commentary, poem, or any other kind of essay. With these sample essays, you can ensure that your students have the fundamental knowledge of essay writing in order to learn from this site.You can easily purchase one of the samples of National Honor Society essay on the site. Or you can take advantage of the free samples and use the website for your own essays. The site offers a variety of samples, which you can find by simply using a search engine. Some of the samples are not free but you can always use the samples for your own purposes.While looking for samples of National Honor Society essay, it is important to understand that there are different levels for the essays offered. The grades for these samples should be adjusted according to the subject area of the essays and the topic of the essay as well.Some of the topics offered by the samples of National Honor Society essay include introduction, problem solving, message, theme, writing, and lastly the conclusion. Some of the examples are very general, while others present an image of how a typical college essay might look like.No matter what the subject is, these essays should be written from a personal opinion, not a fact. This is a common sense, written opinion. And, that is the beauty of this site.You do not have to be a professional essay writer to gain the knowledge and understanding that come with the samples of National Honor Society essay. It is not the place to educate students or teach them how to write an essay. Rather, it is intended to provide students with ideas for how to write their own essays.Students love to write their own essay but do not understand how to go about it. This site will provide them with examples so they do not have to struggle with it. What you need to do is use the sample essays and study the concepts taught through them.

Blood And Water Essays - Characters In Macbeth, Free Essays

Blood And Water Essays - Characters In Macbeth, Free Essays Blood and Water In William Shakespeare's masterpiece Macbeth, he uses many motifs. Two of these motifs are blood and water. The play is full of images of blood and water, to show the characters' attitudes toward their own guilt at each stage. Both motifs mature and change in their meaning along with the setting and mood of the play. The functions of both are important if the subtleties of the play are to be understood. Blood symbolizes honor, treachery, and guilt. Water symbolizes cleanliness of the soul, as though all it takes is water to wash guilt away. While reading the play, it is noticed that blood comes up repeatedly. This is important to the overall effect of the different usages in the play. The word "blood," or different forms of it, is found forty-two times in the play, along with several other passages dealing with the symbol. The symbolism of blood strangely follows the change in the character Macbeth. Macbeth is first a soldier, very highly revered by the King Duncan. As the play progresses, Macbeth's demeanor and personality declines, as does the meaning of blood. Blood is then viewed as a symbol for treachery and bloodshed, along with the various forms of guilt. The first reference of blood is one of honor, and occurs when Duncan sees the injured captain and says "What bloody man is that?"(I, 2, ln.1). This mention of blood is symbolic of honor, for the brave fighter has been injured in a glorious and ardent battle for his country. In the next passage the captain says that Macbeth's sword ". . .smoked with bloody execution"(I, 1, ln.20), with this he is referring to Macbeth's braveness in which his sword is steaming because it is covered in the hot blood! of the enemy on the cold morning of the battle. This function is important because it shows that at this point in the play the word blood is used as a sign of fighting valiantly. It is a sort of pride to have a bloodied sword, or have bled in battle for your king. After blood has been referred to a few times with reference to honor, the symbol of blood now changes to show a theme of treachery and treason. Lady Macbeth begins the change when she asks the spirits to "make thick my blood, "(1, 5, ln.50). What Lady Macbeth is saying is that she wishes to be remorseless and insensitive about the murders she and Macbeth will soon commit. Also in this area the symbol of blood is changes to one of guilt. Lady Macbeth knows that the evidence of blood is a treacherous symbol, and knows that if they are found with bloody daggers they will be hanged for their betrayal of the king, so she tells Macbeth to "smear the sleepy grooms with blood."(II, 2, ln.64), and Macbeth replies "If he do bleed, I'll gild the faces of the grooms withal /for it must seem their guilt."(II, 2, ln.72-3). When Banquo states "and question this most bloody piece of work,"(II, 3, ln.150) and Ross says "is't known who did this more than bloody deed?"(II, 4, ln.31), they a! re both inquiring as to whom performed the treacherous acts upon Duncan. Once again, blood is used as a sign of guilt. Both use blood as a mark upon a person which would point them out as a sure suspect for the killing of Duncan. Whoever has the blood of Duncan on them is guilty of treason, and more importantly, they are guilty of the murder. It is also here where the theme of water is first brought in. Macbeth is fretting about the fact that it was he who killed the king, and he was beginning to regret the choice he made, saying "Will all great Neptune's ocean wash this blood /clean from my hand?"(II, 2, ln.78) Lady Macbeth, still sure that they will never be caught, says "A little water clears us of this deed."(II, 2, ln.86) This shows that the function of water is to be used as a symbol for an element which can absolve a person of all guilt. This is important because it seems to be the counter, or the antithesis of

What Will Current Politics Do To Writers

What Will Current Politics Do To Writers I just declined a podcast with a very well-known  writers entity because they wanted me to delve into the dynamics of current politics and how it will affect writers when it comes to grants. I did not want to open that can of wormsthe forecasting and judgment of liberal versus conservative thinking. They suggested that it was just factual, and I said in this environment, where being factual is still considered taking sides, I could not participate. Sad, but tempers are running still too hot right now.   Frankly, if National Endowment funds were completely cut off, Im not sure the average writer would be able to tell, because more of their funds go to dance, art, music, and such. Yes, funds would be cut off from nonprofit retreats, some school creative writing projects, and individuals whove earned fellowships (about 50 per year, half of which are translations of works). But . . . the average writer attempting to earn a living would not feel it. Because  the average writer doesnt live off grants. New writers cant qualify. However, the successful writer, whether new or seasoned, is a scrappy writer. I did not want to get into that conversation about current politics, just like I refuse to discuss writers block. Who needs an excuse to feel like less of a writer? Just like you write through writers block, you pitch and submit to  whatever market is out there, with or without financial support. It doesnt change who you are as a writer. You are still writing. You are still being creative. When you decide the power is yours, not theirs (regardless who they are), you will thrive.